Helping the World through Humanitarian Aid Essay - 859 Words

On my 6th birthday, I remember I was surrounded by presents which could make me feel like being a princess. Then the next thing I remember is that my parents gave me a picture of a girl named Jasmine. She was wearing a red robe wrapped around her dark skinned skinny body. My parents explained that she was born in Bangladesh on the same date I was born, but because her parents were too poor to give her a birthday present. When I asked why they were too poor, my parents answered it was because of a cyclone that destroyed her house and community, so they suggested a brilliant idea to help her; we became her sponsor family through World Vision. Since then, on every birthday, my parents and I went shopping for my gift and her gift which made me†¦show more content†¦Moreover, she called the organizations are robbing societies of agency that local agencies do not have space to grow. For example, she talked about how Rwanda kicked all NGOs out in 2001 due to Rwandans’ increas ing dependency on NGOs. Indeed, NGOs have to go through a extremely difficult process to get a permission from Rwandan government. Not only Sara, but also many people believe that â€Å"humanitarian aid has been unsuccessful in delivering on these promises through lack of coordination and duplication of services† which results in â€Å"a failure to meet the needs of those meant to benefit† (Kopinak 2013). Although humanitarian aid is helpful and useful for immediate response to disasters in order to save lives, in a long run, research is critical to humanitarian aid in order to prepare before the crisis, to study the origin of problems, and to be more effectively helpful instead of simply putting bandages on them. In fact, transition between emergency-and-relief work and rehabilitation-and-development work is the key to help and strengthen the hurt society to recover(Kopinak 2013). As a person who plans to work in the field some day, listening to Peter Teahen’s experience with various disaster response for past 25 years was very enlightening and inspiring. First, he emphasized the importance of remembering the purpose of a disaster response because no matter what, even higher authority, should notShow MoreRelatedLeaving The Comforts Of The First World By Jessica Alexander974 Words   |  4 PagesLeaving the comforts of the first world, Jessica Alexander abandons her job, fiancà ©, family, and home to venture into the misleading volunteer work of Humanitarian aid. Chasing Chaos: My Decade In and Out of Humanitarian Aid by Jessica Alexander is a conglomeration of stories that are written from Jessica’s memory. â€Å"It is a true account based on [Jessica’s] best recollections of the events and [her] experiences.†. Before joining the Humanitarian Industry Jessica Alexander was a former UniversityRead MoreHumanitarian Assistance For Humanitarian Aid1697 Words   |  7 Pagesthe world. All of these mechanisms are a consequence of social factors. Therefore, it’s important to look for other responses that allow humanitarian aid to assist the people that need it and protect against escalating the conflict by having their resources support the militant. When militants take advantage of the humanitarian aid supplies, the intentions of the humanitarian aid is being used for something completely different from the values and principles of humanitarian work. 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The Red Cross positively impacted both the people affected by World War I and the world. This was done by assisting both soldiers and their families during war, providing jobs for women, and helping to evolve humanitarian law. The InternationalRead MoreEssay On Syrian War1090 Words   |  5 PagesAlthough it may upset anti-government groups, negotiations should be made with leading officials to allow food aid into areas that need it most. Food aid, where food is supplied to starving people, is needed to prevent people from not only starving to death, but also to protect the country from further economic collapse. Bashar al-Assad has ruled Syria from the year 2000 to present and has denied free elections and basic rights from the people for too long. LifeGate, an Italian journal that coversRead MoreInternational Ngos Working in Pakistan1168 Words   |  5 Pages Social and Economic Development, , Education, Natural disasters, Democracy, Human rights, Climate change, Livelihoods, Health, HIV/AIDS, Gender equality, Poverty , Injustice. Etc. The Oxfam International Secretariat leads, facilitates, and supports collaboration between the Oxfam affiliates to increase Oxfam Internationals impact on poverty and injustice through advocacy campaigns, development programmes and emergency response. Oxfam was originally founded in Oxford in 1942 as the Oxford CommitteeRead MoreInternational Organizations: Mà ©decins Sans Frontià ¨res924 Words   |  4 PagesInternational organizations today are categorized by two things; either they are here to help us make the world a better place or prevent it from happening. And if so, what makes an international organization good and how can we prove this? A fine example of an international medical humanitarian organization is Doctors Without Borders, also known as Mà ©decins Sans Frontià ¨res. This organization was created by a group of French doctors and journalists after looking at the aftermath of wars that were

Research Proposal Risk Management - 2089 Words

Research proposal Stephen Ebonine Birkbeck College, University of London Introduction Risk Management is a relevant task in a management such as marketing, purchasing and finance. If we look at its functional aspect, we can easily observe that is used by every country to direct the realisation of the economic objectives. The Oxford English dictionary defines risk as† possibility of danger, loss, injury or other adverse consequences† To give a technical definition of risk we have to subdivide it in different stages and examine all its different aspects. At the first stage the term risk was only used to identify the threats in management and later extended to threats that could impact on the all organization. The â€Å"Australia/New Zealand standard (1999)† defines risk as: the chance of something happening that will have a serious impact in the organization. Summary The recent economic negative events of 2008 and 2009 have significantly affected various organizations, so that’s why the majority of them are trying to introduce some relevant changes on their risk management practices and the management teams are asked to participate actively in risk assessment and risk management initiatives. The purpose of this research proposal is to discuss the role of risk management in an organization and examine the possibility of reassessing and implementing risk management. Literature Review The concept of risk has been always at centre of all the finance theory and practiceShow MoreRelatedResearch proposal for Risk Management2030 Words   |  9 Pagestrends of risk management in Chinese construction industry (V) Brief Literature Review Sources of risk Classification of risk Perceptions of risk Risk management process (VI) Methodology Secondary Analysis Questionnaire Individual Interviews Case Study (VII) Proposed Research Time-Table (VIII) References Proposed Title: Risk and its Management in construction industry in China Introduction: The increasing pace of change, customer demands and market globalization all put risk managementRead MoreEffects Of Internal Audit Practices On Financial Performance Of Commercial Banks1689 Words   |  7 PagesEFFECTS OF INTERNAL AUDIT PRACTICES ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA (A CASE STUDY OF KENYA COMMERCIAL BANK) GIDALI MUHINDI FRANKLINE A Research Proposal in Partial Fulfillment for the Bachelor of Business Administration of the Technical University of Mombasa 2016 DECLARATION I declare that this research proposal is my original work and has not been presented for a degree award in any other university. Signature†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Date†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Gidali MuhindiRead MoreMedication Cart And The Incidence Of Infection1421 Words   |  6 Pagesis important that research continue so that health professionals can improve their hygiene practices to ensure that the best practices in nursing are implemented. Each shift a nurse is in contact with multiple surfaces and equipment, however the medication cart is used routinely through almost all clinical settings and this leads to the question: does the medication cart pose a health risk? This paper will cover the multiple areas that are commonly covered when creating a research study. This paperRead MoreThe Small Business Act Of 19531733 Words   |  7 Pagesplanning for government contacts, KSI will be able to rapidly gain market share, demonstrating proficiency and professionalism in serving both commercial and government spaces. In order to secure a government contract KSI will begin with a market research to find out if the U.S Navy is procuring these types of professional services . There are a vast amount sources that will provide needed data for prospective federal contractors. By using sites such The Federal Procurement Data Center (FPDC), FederalRead MoreDiabetes Research1436 Words   |  6 PagesMississippi Diabetes Research Proposal This research proposal creates programs for children living with diabetes so that education and management of diabetes will continue during school hours. Mississippi State uses programs like these to address the incidence of diabetes in the state. 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PAVOL ZAVARSKY SHIREESHA KATAM {skatam@student.concordia.ab.ca}- ID: 130526 DECEMBER 03, 2014 1 Research Statement This research proposal is focused on modelling of SCADA networks by implementing the DBSy modelling method, and risk assessment. 2 Problem Statement SCADA and ICS are the Critical Infrastructures, Which Operates a number of significant resources including fuel, energy, water, airports, and biotech and run many day-day utilities

The Sudden Blow Free Essays

Her head was pounding from the sudden blow. Blood was running down the side her face as she began to remember. He had tormented her, degraded her feelings, and took away her financial stability. We will write a custom essay sample on The Sudden Blow or any similar topic only for you Order Now She felt forever trapped as she was the only one to witness such vile acts. â€Å"There is no one here to see this. There is no one here to save me from what happens inside these walls† she whispered, voice cracking. Victims like this must go through the injustice of not being able to feel safe in their own home or even their own skin. Whether it be inflicting harm for the victim through physical abuse, toying with their emotions through emotional abuse, or financially controlling them through financial abuse, abusers find ways for many women to suffer from domestic abuse in their daily lives. Physical abuse is one of the many aspects of domestic abuse. This type of abuse is most known as it can be seen with one’s own eyes. However, physical abuse doesn’t always have to happen on the victim. In many cases, physical abuse can happen somewhere near the victim. It shows that â€Å"When a partner is violent near or around you, doing things like punching a hole in the wall, the message is ‘Next time this could be your head'† (Carlson 146). Numerous amounts of people will brush off the incident and believe that it will not mean anything in the future but this sort of act can escalate quickly and leave the victim in shambles. If this message is given, the abuser is releasing their anger on an object physically and it will not be long before the abuser directs their anger on their victim – the one who caused their distress. Once they direct their anger on the victim, it can lead to extreme violence that the victim is not capable of keeping under control. Sam is a victim who had been physically abused herself. She speaks out about one of the stories of her journey with physical abuse:I was at home and I cooked his dinner†¦he came home when the food was on the table. He was like ‘Oh, it’s too cold,’ so I put it in the microwave and warmed it up. I gave it to him and he said it was too hot†¦and you start to get this worried feeling like ‘It’s going to happen. He’s going to hurt me.’ He threw the plate and smashed it against my head and he started beating me up and kicking me on the floor and punching. (Sam?)This is an example of severe physical abuse. Here, the abuser takes a typical, simple misunderstanding and exaggerates it until it reaches its full capacity. In most cases, those who are in healthy relationships would be able to work this out without it becoming physical. The victim shows that she has the constant worry of not wanting to go against the abuser’s needs. Thus, they are always tip toeing around the abuser and the second they do something even the slightest bit wrong, it becomes another heated fight. This instance is just one glimpse of what a day in the life of a physically abused partner must go through. There are always other cases. Some outcomes of physical abuse could even be fatal. This is one of the more extreme cases of physical abuse. It should be known that â€Å"One woman is fatally shot by a spouse, ex-spouse, or dating partner every 14 hours† (â€Å"NCADV†). Many do not understand the significance of homicide in physical abuse and do not link this importance to the fact that it still happens. This statistic shows that those who are in domestic abuse relationships are at a very high risk of being killed by their significant other. How to cite The Sudden Blow, Papers

Project Of Greening Australia Free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Project Of Greening Australia. Answer: Introduction This paper aims at evaluating the community partnerships between Greening Australia and its various partners that the organization works with to fulfill their mandate. Greening Australia is a conservation and restoration project which was started in the year 1982 and has since grown to become an organization. Greening Australia works with various communities and entrepreneurs in accomplishing its objective of environmental conservation and wildlife protection. The organizations carry out various activities across Australia to help it achieve its mandate of conserving the environment across the country. Presently, Greening Australia has over 30 teams of volunteers and staff in different locations across the countries(Lachman, Wong Resetar, 2017). The projects are undertaken with utmost professionalism and latest science is applied to help achieve the best for the landscape, the people and the wildlife. The vision of Greening Australia is to achieve healthy and productive landscapes wh ere the people and nature thrive. Greening Australia aims at achieving its strategic plan of Conservation without borders through a commitment to conserving the environment through partnerships. This paper will evaluate and discuss at large the community partnerships in Greening Australia Habitat 141 project. The project is large scale in nature and it involves many community partnerships and volunteers. This project has lasted for fifty years and it involves restoring and reconnecting the iconic landscape along the 141ST longitude. This biodiversity zone stretches from the wild coast of Southern Australia, along the Victorian border all the way to New South Wales range-lands (Mcneely Scherr,2013). Project summary The landscape of Habitat 141 has suffered great loss and degradation of natural habitats for many years. This has resulted in the loss of biodiversity even though there remain some conservation efforts in small scale. The Habitat 141 is a long term project which aims at facilitating fragmentation of natural habitats and helping to minimize the effects of climate change. The project invests in important landscapes in order to ensure that future generations enjoy a good environment. The project has been made successful over the many years mainly because of community partnerships. Communities living in this area have been greatly engaged by Greening Australia to help support the project for the future benefit of the community. The community has collaborated with greening Australia and allowed professionals to work on their private land to restore the landscape. The Habitat 141 is very large in scope and it incorporates various programs under it so as to make it easier to carry out the mandate of the project. Some of this programs include; Alcoa 1 million trees, the Handbury Fund, Nurcoung Malleefowl corridor project, Billiat to Big Desert Biolink and the Alcoa carbon sinks program (Ros-tonen, Hombergh Zoomers, 2007). The project is being implemented in phases and therefore, Greening Australia is able to evaluate the progress and the achievements resulting from the projects. The Habitat 141 project involves a large number volunteers and staff. The project also involves business partners and donors who help in the financial aspect of the project. The communities involved in this project are those in South Australia, Victoria and New South Wales. The Mosquito Creek Catchment is one of the conservation programs that Greening Australia identified as being in urgent need of rehabilitation. The communities in this region are involved in the project. Greening Australia has encouraged the communities to volunteer to help plant trees to help in this project. The communities in this region also donate trees. They are also involved in cleaning the rivers and streams around Mosquito Creek. Greening Australia has also partnered with South East Natural Management group to help in the conservation efforts. The communities around the Arapiles State Park and the Little Desert National Park have also been largely involved in the conservation activities in the park. Balliett and Murray communities in South Australia have partnered with Greening Australia to conserve Flora and Fauna in this locality (Mcspirit, Faltraco Bailey, 2012). Victoria c ommunities have also been a major partner for Greening Australia in undertaking this project. A partnership approach is very important for Greening Australia to meet Habitat 141 project goals due to various reasons. The first and most important reason is that land being rehabilitated and conserved belongs to either individuals or the community in general. This, therefore, means that the project cannot be undertaken without the consent and cooperation of the community. The partnership approach is crucial for this project also because Greening Australia relies a lot on volunteers to undertake most of the projects (M. Robinson Liu, 2015). Since the volunteers come from the community directly benefiting from the program, it is important to engage the community so that people understand the importance of the project and support it. Partnerships are also important in this project since the communities can contribute immensely to the project by donating cash and other resources to facilitate the project (Duim, lamersWijk, 2014). Evaluation of the partnerships in Habitat 141 project The partnerships between Greening Australia and its various community partners have been highly successful. This section evaluates the nature of the partnerships and uses the framework of successful partnerships to analyze how successful or unsuccessful these partners have been. This section also involves the review of stakeholders behavior, attitudes and leadership. The partnership between Greening Australia and the communities around Wimmera Catchment and Victoria has helped the organization achieve tremendous success in this project. The communities in this region were sensitized on the importance of the project and they were encouraged to get actively involved in the project by registering with Greening Australia. In this project, more than 700 volunteers from this region joined in implementing the project of planting 1 million trees (Egan, Hjerpe Abrams, 2011). Community groups such as the Wimmera conservation group provided important guidelines and information on the landscape of the area since they are familiar with the region. Greening Australia ensures that all the partnerships work according to the Conservation Action plan. The community members were mostly involved in planting trees in three distinct habitats which are Manna Gum Woodland, Healthy Woodland and Swamp scrub. The community members were also involved in enhancing in stream and stream side habitats by clearing the excess vegetation so as to widen the corridors. Greening Australia has been working with Rainbow Landscape Group to promote local ownership of the project. The project also partners with Alcoa to help in fencing and restoring vegetation in the mosquito creek catchment. Greening Australia has partnered with Hand bury Foundation to help in planning, supporting and coordinating community engagement (Mcspirit, Faltraco Bailey, 2012). The partnership is meant to help create awareness for an audacious and long term vision of the organization. The partnerships help has been very successful in helping educate communities on the importance of environmental conservation and mobilizing people to donate to Greening Australia. This partnership has been characterized by timely meetings to chat the way forward and to evaluate the success of the partnership. Through this partnership, Greening Australia has been able to invest a significant amount of resources in building capacity and collaborations as well as processes to support the Conservation Action Planning process. Another major achievement of this partnership is that it has helped to create a good relationship between the land owners to the extent that they are ready to donate their land for the course of the project. The partnership has also helped in building a framework for communication between the Greening Australia and the community as well as other stakeholders in the project. An example is the creation of Habitat 141 degrees and the communication plan for Habitat 141.(Scott Bromley, 2013) This partnership has helped to recruit more than 1400 volunteers for the project in the last year alone. The partnership has also helped in the conservation efforts of Greening Australia by bringing on board other partners such as Zone CAPs which helps in scientific expertise. The partnership between the Habitat 141 project and the community around Murray Malle in South Australia has also been very significant for Greening Australia. The partnership is aimed at supporting and protecting endangered species of birds such as the Malleefowl, Mallee Emu-wren, Red-lored Whistler and Western Whipbird. In order to achieve this objective, the community is greatly involved in the effort to conserve these birds. Habitat 141 has launched a community education program to sensitize the community on the importance of preserving this endangered species. Hunting of birds is popular in this region. Community groups are being trained on how to help in preservation and protection of these birds. This partnership has also helped in re-vegetation of more than 35 hectares of land between the year 2012 and 2014.(Guerrant, Havens Maunder, 2014) The partnership has also benefited the community directly through various ways. The farmers living around the project site have been able to receive support in stabilizing light sandy soils and generation of carbon credits so as to help improve the incomes of farmers. This, therefore, means that the partnership has been able to achieve its objectives. Habitat 141 has a partnership with various communities around Arapiles State Park and the Little Desert National Park. The partnership is facilitated by other partners such as Parks Australia, Trust for Nature and Victoria Mallee Fowl Recovery Group. These groups work in collaboration with the land owners in this zone. The partnership with the community helped Greening Australia to obtain 180 hectares of land which are used to implement high-quality biodiversity restoration to help generate carbon credits(Meffe,2012). The program has been completed successful thanks to the partnerships and collaboration from the community. It has become the largest biodiversity program involving re-vegetation implemented in Victoria. The partnership with the community was very successful with the donations from the community around Victoria exceeding $300,000. The willingness of community members to sell land for the project was also crucial in making the project successful. The Alcoa re vegetation program has helped to establish plantation that is bio-diverse using various methods such as direct seeding. The native plantings have helped in acting as carbon sinks and increasing soil carbon stores. The aim of this partnership with the community was to encourage people to plant in their land native plants so that they can act as carbon sinks and hence improving the quality of air in this zone. The carbon storage potential is recorded using the Reforestation Modeling Tool(RMT). It helps to provide the carbon sequestration potential of a particular area. From the measurement taken by Greenhouse Australia, it is evident that the program has helped to increase the carbon sequestration potential by a very great margin. This partnership has also enabled farmers to generate ACCUs(Australian Carbon Credit Units) and sell these units to other farmers willing to offset their carbon pollution through the voluntary market. Reflection The Habitat 141 project has been in progress for more than 50 years. The project is implemented in phases to ensure that the objectives are achieved with ease. The project is long term in nature due to its wide scope. The Habitat 141 project is planned in such a manner that its impact is sustainable for a long period of time even after completion of the project. Greening Australia has put various measures to ensure that the projects benefit last for centuries. The management of the project has encouraged the community to own the projects being undertaken in their locality. I think the sense of ownership can be affected through involving the members of the community in decision making. This is very important since the project is concerned with environmental conservation and restoration of landscapes. Once the community feels the project is meant to help them, they can offer support and help to protect the environment and safeguard the gains that have been achieved even when the projec t comes to an end. The Habitat 141 project also has partnerships with other organizations to ensure that the projects completed are monitored and maintained. One of these organizations is Alcoa which helps in measuring the achievements of the projects and in monitoring whether or not the project is sustainable. Alcoa reports to Greening Australia on the state of the programs after which Greening Australia can take action. The management team of the Habitat141 project has special maintenance teams which are sent to correct any loopholes that may have infiltrated the project. In addition to this, Greening Australia hands over most of the projects to the government and other stakeholders who are able to ensure long term success for the project. Generally, the long term success of this project has been mainly due to partnerships and collaborations with other organizations, the government and the community. Another method that Greening Australia uses to ensure long term success for projects is by working closely with conservation groups. This may be NGOs or those supported by the government. These groups can help to continue implementing the long term agenda of the project long after the project has been completed. For example, the preserved species of endangered species can be given refuge in animal orphanages and parks. The forest management bodies can be engaged to help protect the new vegetation and trees from traders or other people who may pose a danger to the project. I also think that the restored landscapes can be protected by training and educating the communities and land owners of how they can be able to prevent land degradation and soil erosion (Decker, Riley, Siemer, 2012). This will help the land owners and the community, in general, will take control of their environment and ensure that the projects` benefits last for a long time. I would also consider training farmers on how to raise carbon sequestration in their localities and how they can collect the units and sell them to other willing to improve carbon sequestration in their areas. Once the farmers realize an economic benefit in this project, they will automatically be encouraged to plant more trees. This in return will result in long term sustainability of the project and hence the community will benefit for many years to come. Funding is also crucial to help Greening Australia maintain and manage its projects for a long period of time. I would seek to increase funding for the projects and lobby for donations for each project separately. Increased funding can be achieved through seeking additional corporate partnerships and sponsorship. I would also be more aggressive in seeking donations from individuals and organization to help finance maintenance of the project for a long period of time. Conclusion The Habitat 141 project by Greening Australia has been able to achieve great success and most of the objectives of the project have already been accomplished. The project has been able to rehabilitate landscapes and to restore vegetation in areas such as Victoria and South Australia. The project success has been pinned around the partnerships that Greening Australia has been able to establish with communities and corporate organization (Burchett Burchett, 2013). The project has been supported by community members by donating funds for the project as well as donating land crucial for implementing the project. There has been a lot of support for the project from the community as many people were willing to volunteer to work on the project. The long term success of the project can be achieved by encouraging community ownership of the project and by training the local communities on the benefits of the project. References Burchett, s., burchett, s. (2013). Introduction to wildlife conservation in farming. Hoboken, n.j., wiley. Http://rbdigital.oneclickdigital.com. Decker, d. J., riley, s. J., siemer, w. F. (2012). Human dimensions of wildlife management. Baltimore, johns hopkins university press. Duim, r. V. D., lamers, m., wijk, j. V. (2014). Institutional arrangements for conservation, development and tourism in eastern and southern africa: A dynamic perspective. Http://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?P=1966754. Egan, d., hjerpe, e. E., abrams, j. (2011). Human dimensions of ecological restoration: Integrating science, nature, and culture. Washington, dc, island press. Http://site.ebrary.com/id/10501498. Guerrant, e. O., havens-young, k., maunder, m. (2014). Ex situ plant conservation: Supporting species survival in the wild. Washington, dc, island press. Http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/concordiaab-ebooks/detail.action?Docid=3317430. Lachman, b. E., wong, a., resetar, s. A. (2017). The thin green line: An assessment of dod's readiness and environmental protection initiative to buffer installation encroachment. Santa monica, ca, rand corp. Mcneely, j. A., scherr, s. J. (2013). Ecoagriculture: Strategies to feel the world and save wild biodiversity: Strategies to feed the world and save wild biodiversity. Washington, island press. Http://site.ebrary.com/id/10079988. Mcspirit, s., faltraco, l., bailey, c. (2012). Confronting ecological crisis in appalachia and the south: University and community partnerships. Lexington, ky, university press of kentucky. Meffe, g. K. (2012). Ecosystem management: Adaptive, community-based conservation. [united states], island press. Https://www.hoopladigital.com/title/11457224. Robinson, G., Liu, Z. (2015). Greening and ungreening Adelaide, South Australia. AIMS Environmental Science, 2(3), 511-532. https://dx.doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.3.511 Quinn, m. S., freimund, w. A., broberg, l. (2012). Parks, peace, and partnership: Global initiatives in transboundary conservation. Calgary, university of calgary press. Ros-tonen, m., hombergh, h. V. D., zoomers, e. B. (2007). Partnerships in sustainable forest resource management: Learning from latin america. Leiden, brill. Scott, j., bromley, r. J. (2013). Envisioning sociology: Victor branford, patrick geddes, and the quest for social reconstruction. Trush, M. (2011). An Essential Role for Graduate Students in Environmental Public Health Community Engagement. Progress In Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, And Action, 5(1), 1-2. https://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cpr.2011.0008 Wardle, G., Pavey, C., Dickman, C. (2013). Greening of arid Australia: New insights from extreme years. Austral Ecology, 38(7), 731-740. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aec.12073

Liberty University Chhi 302 History of the Christian Church free essay sample

Soon it became strong and dominate. It is easy to see that the influence of Contemporary Christianity comes from the roots in Roman Catholicism. Contemporary Christian missionary work from America to Central India began in 1872 when Rev. Clark, along with some fellow Christians that had learned a village language, began to preach the gospel. Today that work shows for 2. 3 percent of the population claiming Christianity as a religion. India, to its credit, in the early 1900’s, took the lead in promoting Christian Unity. India holds the largest number of poor, and the 4th largest number of millionaires. This makes India the country with the greatest disparity between the rich and the poor. Many Christian Missionaries take this as an open door to help build hospitals and orphan homes. According to the Christian mission company WorldVenture, India has 266 million children that suffer from some form of oppression, be it abuse, trafficking, abandonment, or slavery. We will write a custom essay sample on Liberty University Chhi 302 History of the Christian Church or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Contemporary Christianity sees the need in India and uses that need to reach the people that are rapped, sometimes quite literally, in the religion of their government and bring them to Jesus through that. One of the biggest opposition to Christianity would be that of the religion of Islam. The Muslim movements are strong and sweeping throughout the entirety of the Middle East. Their message is not one of love and mercy, but of dominance and fear. To one caught in the middle, the safer choice would be to side with that of Islam. This presents a problem to Contemporary Christianity as missionaries and local Christians try to reach their neighbors for the cause of Christ. Hinduism is ubiquitous, and is still obviously the predominant faith,† Woodburne says. He also states that, â€Å"religious toleration which hitherto has been a pretty theory, posited alike by Hindu philosophy and the Christian government, is becoming more and more an accomplished fact. † This should giv e Contemporary Christianity hope in the mission of the conversion of India. As the country evolves, so does the understanding and sympathy of most of the people. India has always been a country proud of her spirituality. Returning to Woodburne on the topic, he states also that â€Å"Hindus are increasingly discontented to allow the study and ritual practice of religion to be confined to the priestly class, for religion is the common property of all. † The reality of the Indian culture becoming fused with the teachings of Jesus at its source is another major obstacle. It could be argued easily that the reason Hindus are not converting to Contemporary Christianity is because the teachings of Jesus – the foundation of Christianity – has teachings rooted deeply in the Hindu religion. As the Hindu teaching becomes more permeated by the teaching of Jesus, the need for separation between the two becomes blurred. This country hold’s the world’s largest democracy by far. This presents a problem in the form of Anti-Conversional laws. These laws in place in India’s government not only place limits on Contemporary Christianity, but they encourage the violent attacks on Christians, especially clergy. The most intense form of oppression on Contemporary Christianity in India would be that of the Caste System. â€Å"India’s notorious Caste System has been abolished by law, yet such traditions die hard. Being that most Christians in the country of India fall into the â€Å"Dalits† classification, this presents a massive problem in reaching upwards. Because Dalits are the lowest of society, they receive the most oppression. By default, Christian Dalits are seen as even lower than Dalits in general. According to Marshall, the 2001 Indian Gove rnment Census severely underestimated the Christian population by limiting the religions Dalits were allowed to claim. The Indian Government also limits educational and job opportunities for Christian Dalits. The Oppression in Modern India on Contemporary Christianity is not a new concept, however. Christianity is a religion that has been persecuted since the death of its foundation – Jesus Christ. Perhaps the most important piece in this puzzle is known to all as Gandhi, or Mahatma, meaning â€Å"great soul. † â€Å"Mr. Ghandi professes to find his greatest inspiration from a study of the teachings of Jesus, which teaching he tries to put into effect literally. He does not call himself a Christian, but rebukes the Christians with the charge of failing to observe the teachings of their own Master. † India is a vast and empty nation when it comes to the subject of Contemporary Christianity. Yohannan, an Indian missionary to his own people says if his time on the mission field, â€Å"the northern Indian state is known as the graveyard of missions. We were driven out of the cities and stoned for preaching the gospel. † The Christian situation in India is dangerous, and yet still it grows. In conclusion, it can be summed up that while the oppression of Contemporary Christianity has tried to stomp out the flame, it still burns and grows. It is easy to look at the numbers of growing oppression, yet it is most important to look at the numbers of the growth in Contemporary Christianity. Despite all efforts to decrease it, the number slowly, but steadily rises. As Paul says to the church of Corinth in 1 Corinthians 15:58, â€Å"Therefore, my dear brothers and sisters, stand firm. Let nothing move you. Always give yourselves fully to the work of the Lord, because you know that your labor in the Lord is not in vain. † The labor of Contemporary Christianity in India is not in vain. BIBLIOGRAPHY Eaton, Richard Maxwell. Religious Conversion in Modern India. Journal of World History. Vol 8 No 2. 1997. Pp 243-271. University of Hawaii Press Gonzales, Justo. The Story of Christianity. HarperCollins. 2010. Marshall, P. Gilbert, L. Shea, N. Persecuted: The Global Assault on Christians. Thomas Nelson. 2013. Schermerhorn, W. D. Syncretism in the Early Christian Period and in Present-Day India. The Journal of Religion. Vol 4 No 5. 1924. The University of Chicago Press. Stable URL: http://www. jstor. org/stable/1195557 . Woodburne, Angus Stewart. The Present Religious Situation in India. The Journal of Religion. Vol 3, No 4. 1923. Pp 387-397. The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www. jstor. org/stable/1195078 . WorldVenture. India/Asia. http://www. worldventure. com/India (retrieved May 5,2013) Yohannan, K. P. Revolution in World Missions. Gfa books. 1986.

An Analysis of the Energizer Bunny Commercial Sequ Essays

An Analysis of the Energizer Bunny Commercial Sequ Essays An Analysis of the Energizer Bunny Commercial Sequence Energizer batteries have been equated with long-lasting energy in your Walkman or other battery-operated appliance. "That damned Energizer bunny" is the cause; he's so aggravating. It seems like that pink bunny rabbit is running across the television screen every other second, it's so annoying. The advertising campaign has been so effective that not only did the company (finally) surpass Duracell in sales, but the advertising company was awarded an Obie (the advertising equivalent of the "Oscar") as best commercial of the year. This essay shall attempt to analyze the series of "Energizer bunny" advertisements. There is a current trend in modern television advertising for a series of commercials for the same product. An excellent example is the ad sequence for "Taster's Choice" coffee brand, where a man and a woman share (cups of) coffee amid alluring looks and sexual innuendos. But I digress. The Energizer camp decided to run a series, but the ingenuity in the Energizer series is that in every commercial in the series, not one begins or ends with suggestions or hints that there was, or will be, another ad before or after it. A brief explanation of the plots of these advertisements is warranted. The first in the sequence shows two toy bunnies, waddling back and forth across the television screen, and all beating bass drums. The one not running on Energizer batteries dies out, and the one on Energizer batteries continues. The next ad showed the same thing, but with a different ending: the Energizer bunny waddled off the television screen, out of camera range, and towards the doors of the studio. The last camera shot is that of the bunny, headed for the doors amid wires and lights and such, and a voice over the intercom says, in an authoritarian voice (probably the director of the commercial), "Stop the bunny." The humor from this scene stems from the unexpectedness of the bunny's actions; it has a life of its own. The voice of the director adds to this because his words and tone of voice suggest that he, too, was unaware of this happening. We don't know what happened to the bunny at this point in time, until they show the other ads. The other ads can be grouped into two categories: commercials which advertise other "fake" products until the bunny comes barging in with that damned bass drum, and views of vast, wide-open spaces (which sometimes include landmarks around the world, like Notre Dame in France, an island in the Bermuda Triangle, et cetera) with the sounds which naturally occur at these sites, then having one's ears assailed with those @%!#$ drums! It is now that the viewer subconsciously realizes that yes, the bunny has truly "escaped" from the jail called the television studio, and is now free to roam the world and do as it pleases (which is simply just to follow the beat of his own drummer [being himself this is getting WAY too parenthetical}]). A similar correlation can be made from this thought and another scene involving toys and freedom/incarceration: in the movie "Toys" with Robin Williams (which I truly hated, sans the Magritte style it used), a war is declared within the toy factory. To help Robin's side towards freedom from the maze the other side created, toys of the company became "accessorized", if you will, with various military tools. Robin exclaims, "F.A.O. Schwartzkopf!" However, a note must be made. Initially, the advertising campaign did poorly, and the ad company did not know why, until they realized that the public was not looking for Energizer batteries, but "the bunny batteries." It was at this time that the ad campaign persuaded the company to put the bunny on the packaging. It worked. People bought the batteries simply because of one thought that ran through their collective head: "That @%!#$ bunny won't ever stop, so I'll buy batteries that won't ever stop! I need batteries that will last as long as possible!" Furthermore, the ads were the first ads in a long time that actually made us sit up and take notice. Most couch potatoes sit through commercials subconsciously, not even aware that they

Discussion Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8

Discussion - Movie Review Example Salvador painting represents surrealism painted in 1931 with significant representation of Dreamscapes that depicts the aforementioned logical attack (Smarthistory 1:23). A view of the painting creates a feeling and thought of desert-scape that inherently gives the sense of safety and satisfaction of being within the landscape generated by the art. The painting depicts an unbearable moment of quietness with significantly no observable movements amongst the elements. The environment created by the art displays absurd nature with seemingly dead tree and unrealistic clocks. The ants that seem to eat from a metal piece rather than rotten flesh further explains the irrational nature depicted in the art (Smarthistory 2:26). Besides the impossibilities and absurdity represented by the art, historians argue that the cliff in the background represents those of Catalonian coast that exist within Northern Spain. In addition, historians argue that the strange figure within the art represents a profile face with nose, tongue and eyelashes (Smarthistory 3:40). The art remains authoritative in explaining the conflict between rational and irrational ideas in humanity thoughts, feelings, and ideas.  Inherent elements of the art, including the strange figure, clock, cliff, and the dead tree explains how the human mind and thinking remain wired in reality. Salvador art represents objectivity of reality with the idealistic question over the existence of particular natural objects such as a clock. Ann Temkin explains the inherent era of artists that dominated by abstract expressionism that occurred between the 1940s and 1950s in New York. The event of abstract expressionism that brought several artists together had the urgency to explore self-creativity in artistry. Most importantly, abstract expressionism aimed at expressing the post-war occurrences. The event had great originality and creativity about the

American life between the years 1919-1929 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

American life between the years 1919-1929 - Essay Example Besides, there were hysterical fears regarding the red Russia, which were attributed to the influence caused by Bolshevik revolution that had occurred earlier in 1917; in fact, this paper will focus on exploring significant issues concerning life between the years 1919 to 1929. During this period, there was anxiety heightened by epidemic attack, which had convulsed the America at the end of the war; in fact, some people had a belief that there were labor tribulations fomented by Bolsheviks. Moreover, this led to campaigns against people who were suspected of having relations with radicals that had been deported to Russia due to cases of Wall Street bombing that led to death of thirty eight people (Aboukhadijeh 1). Furthermore, it was during the same period that a number of state legislature was passed, which involved laws on criminal syndicalism. Besides, this prohibited advocacy of violence in the effort to securing social change, through use of words to achieve the same were not cr iminalized. Conservative businesspeople abolished their association with unions, thereby leading to a reflection of cases referred to as â€Å"judicial lynching.† These cases led to conviction of people such as Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti; in fact, this case involved prejudice by the judge against the defendant due to the mere fact that they were foreigners from Italy, however, this led to rallies made by liberal radicals, and this led to their execution (Aboukhadijeh 1). It was during the same period that America saw the spawning of Ku Klux Klan after the reaction of the war aftermath; in fact, this was seriously spread during the 1920s (Aboukhadijeh 1). Moreover, this was related to notions against Catholics, Jews, Pacifist, Communist, birth-control, evolution, and internationalist; thus, Klan was spreading vigorously to the Midwest of south peak in the mod 1920s, thereby affecting more than five million American citizens. Later in 1920s, there were efforts, made b y some American to end this movement through the congressional investigation after a stern warning. This period was also faced with increased number of immigrants, who entered and settled in the country; in fact there approximately eight hundred thousand, whereby two-third came from southern and eastern part of Europe. On the other hand, it was during the same period, the Congress focused in ending the breach with Emergency Quota Act of 1921, whereby immigrants from Europe were constrained in duration of year based on the quota (Aboukhadijeh 1). Later in 1924, there was a replacement of the Immigration Act with a stopgap legislation that had been formulated in 1921. In fact, this led to reduction of the three to two percent of the national origins for those who migrated. Apparently, there were prohibitions against immigrants from Japan, since America was not allies with this country; in fact, others in this list included Canadians and Latin Americans. Therefore, the immigration act in 1924 was the end of the immigration that has been unrestricted; thus, by this moment America has turned into country with numerous ethnic communities. There were efforts aimed at organizing the labor unions but they were all in vain due to ethnic difference, which led discrimination based on social class and political solidarity. During this period, there were progressive reforms aimed at prohibiting the support for crusading churches and women, due to Eighteenth Amendment in 1919 (Aboukhadijeh 1).

Curriculum Based Assessment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Curriculum Based Assessment - Research Paper Example The research sought to establish the possibility of developing a formative assessment system. Teachers could use this system to grow their effectiveness in teaching learners with academic disabilities. Eventually, a comparative study showed that teachers were more effective on using this formative model. In this regard, the validity criteria and conventional credibility in writings, expressions, and spellings were emphasized. There were three key questions addressed in creating a curriculum based assessment procedures. This included the mode of structuring the activities of evaluation in order to produce adequate data, the parameters of measuring the results, and the possibility of using the data to grow educational programs (Stecker & Fuchs, 2000, P.130). These questions were answered using a systematic evaluation of three major issues relevant to each of the measures. The logistical feasibility of the measures and treatment of utility or validity of the measures were technically ev aluated. The procedures for developing the assessment have been specified and will be briefly discussed. Definition Curriculum is the content that is organized for delivery to students. It is done with respect to sequence and scope of methods and materials by intended learning results (Lemons et al, 2013, p.450). Curriculum based assessment is a term that is used to refer to school based assessment that evaluates student performance in accordance to what is being taught. Curriculum based test measures the functioning of student in relation to knowledge and skills as outlined in the curriculum. It is noteworthy that the curriculum-based measurement measures the progress and competency of a student in the basic areas of skill such as... This essay approves that curriculum based assessment is an approach to measuring the educational growth of each student. The main objective of the curriculum-based assessment is to assist teachers in testing the effectiveness of the lessons offer to individual students. Curriculum based assessment has both advantages and disadvantages. They are efficient and economical in that most of the important characteristics that are used in developing curriculum based measurement procedures are within the context of the ongoing instructions. This report makes a conclusion that the results of CBM research have provided a ground for developing standardized procedures of measurement used to evaluate the effects of modifying the students’ instructional program. A research on the student’s achievement effects on teachers of special education using these procedures proved that the effectiveness of instruction could be improved by the use of CBM in formative evaluation. The assessment of CBM focuses mainly on reading and math as a basic skill. The broad focus is on the measurement areas, basic skills, behavior and others. The basic skills of reading, spelling, math, written expression and critical thinking skills are assessed. Curriculum based assessment procedures focus majorly on special education planning and development. It is evident that response to intervention is nowadays common. This improves teaching and learning with regard to the effective component of RTI that requires particular attention from admini strators.

Impressionist Artists and Artworks

Impressionist Artists and Artworks The Impressionism movement in art was followed by the Realism and Romantic periods. In complete contrast to Realism and Romanticism, with its detailed, accurate and photo-like paintings of contemporary life, Impressionism brought about more of a blurred reality to the canvas. Specific techniques Impressionist artists used were unblended colors and quick, short brush strokes with a unique play on light. An Impressionist artists goal was to objectively paint reality in terms of transient effects of light and color.(1) The Impressionist artist would place vibrantly contrasting colors directly on the canvas; which was a great contrast to the traditional art of blending somber colors. Not understanding, or accepting these new techniques, the Salon of the French Academy consistently rejected most artwork by Impressionist artist. These rejections from the Salon eventually forced a group of Impressionist painters to organize their own exhibitions; Exhibitions of the Independent Artists. Claude Monet was the chief pioneer of the Impressionism period. Monet was born in Paris (1840-1926) and moved near Le Havre at a young age. At only the age of 15, Monet created his first successful drawings of caricatures. Monet continued to study drawing until he met Eugene Boudin, who is responsible for intruding Monet to a new style of painting; stepping outside the studio and painting in the open air. This style would give way to more than 60 years of art that used effective methods to transform perception into pigment. (1) During Monets later years of life he began to paint series of paintings, each one based on a certain subject. Each series offered different views of the same subject, by painting at different times of day or seasons. One series in particular, which is exhibited at the Houston Museum of Fine Arts, is the Water Lilies series. This series by Monet are also personally my favorite paintings from all the ones that were covered this semester. The death of his wife and stepdaughter took a great toll on his spirit, fortunately, Monet he was able to find peace in the water of his pond and garden. Monet was captivated daily by the opening and closing of the lilys blossoms. He meditated while watching the reflections the clouds drift across the ponds surface. Although he began to lose his eye sight due to cataracts around this time, he did not let that hinder his paintings. Monet painted approximately 250 oil paintings that completed his series of Water Lilies. The Water Lilies series was the last series of paintings by Monet. There is a noticeable difference in his portrayal of light and air in most of his Water Lilies series. Despite the loss of light, color seems to be more expressive, along with curling movement of his brushstrokes. Monets Impressionist style starts to become more subjective with this series- which may be due to the loss of his eyesight. The lilies have large pads and blossoms which look as though they are floating in space. Monet was able to spatially embrace his canvas which allowed us to feel and know the painting went beyond the frame. He encompassed the canvas with flowing clouds, which are only seen as reflections on the lily pond with an open composition. Imagine a circular room, the dado below the wall molding entirely filled with a plane of water scattered with these plants, transparent screens sometimes green, sometimes mauve. The calm, silent, still waters reflecting the scattered flowers, the colors evanesce nt, with delicious nuances of a dream-like delicacy. (3) Edgar Degas is another Impressionist painter who also was born in Paris (1834-1917.) Degas came from a proud, wealthy, Parisian family who were related to minor aristocrats. He was fortunate enough to attend a prestigious all boys school, the Lycee Louis-le-Grand. Music played a huge role during his upbringing. His mother was an opera singer and his father arranged recitals. Degass mother passed when he was only 15 years old, leaving behind 5 children. With encouragement from his father he enrolled at the prominent Ecole des Beaux-Arts school in 1855. Only one year later, Degas left Paris and went on a three year study and travel in Italy. During this time, he saturated himself with antiquity paintings and sculptures and the Renaissance. He filled his sketchbook with hundreds of copies of art by Michelangelo, da Vinci and other artist. After his return home, Degas began to paint portraits of family members with the intentions of submitting them to the Salon. However, Degas was never satisfied with his own work. humbled by his exposure to the Italian masters, Degas scraped down and reworked parts of his own canvases, initiating a habit of technical self-criticism that was to last a lifetime. (4) Degas painted many history paintings; however, he began to find himself drawn to paintings of the everyday life. His transition to paint modern subject matter was a very gradual one. He was able to apply his knowledge of past artist but steer it towards people of the modern day and subject matter like no other artist. Degass variety with his use of mediums and subjects matters seems to be endless. His drawings include examples in pen, ink, pencil, chalk, pastel, charcoal, and oil on paper, often in combination with each other, while his paintings were carried out in watercolor, gouache, distemper, metallic pigments, and oils, on surfaces including card, silk, ceramic, tile, and wood panel, as well as widely varied textures of canvas. (4) Combine his talent with his knowledge of traditional art makes him the most accomplished draftsman of the Impressionist. While he is most well known for his works with humans (particularly females) he also painted a great deal on the modern life of P aris and successfully sketched many landscape pieces. In Degass later years can began to combine his love for the female body with his love for landscapes. The pastel Russian Dancer (exhibited in the Houston Museum of Fine Arts) is a great example of how Degas united both of his loves to reveal his true abilities as an artist. This pastel also is reflective in his shift toward his series work. Degas executed these pastels by studying the poses of the Russian women and sketched them first in charcoal on tracing paper, then transferred particular poses and gestures from work to work. Degas invented the technique of superimposing layers of pastel, which created a sort of transparency in the art piece. Layering the pastels intensified the hues and contrasts within the landscape. Through his use of vibrant colors, mediums, innovative techniques and explosively drawn movements, make Russian Dancers and Degass other late pastels among the most extraordinary in the history of that medium.(5) Romantic Period with works from Francisco de Goyas Still Life with Golden Bream and Joseph Mallord William Turners Sheerness as Seen from the Nore The term Romanticism in art is given to a time period from about the mid 18th century through mid 19th century. Romanticism, like most other art movements, was an art that was trying to push away from the previous (neoclassical) styles of arts. This movement renounced the neoclassical styles of balance, precise lines, clarity, order, unity and symmetry. Romantic artist emphasized on emotion, including terror, awe, joy, and loneliness. These artists wanted nothing to do with the harmony, rationality, and order of the neoclassical painters. They rejected the tiny brushstrokes of previous artist and celebrated their works with active, stimulating brushwork. Nature landscapes were also a major part of the romantic period. Romantics felt a strong connection with nature and had a deep interest in capturing the serenity or exoticism of it. Also, they used nature to convey emotions. During this time period, the works of art derived from the individual, opposed to collective reactions of othe rs. Romanticism can basically be described as irrational, imaginative, personal and mostly emotional. The Romantic movement first developed in northern Europe with a rejection of technical standards based on the classical ideal that perfection should be attained in art.(6) Francisco Jose de Goya was a famous romantic artist born in Spain (1746-1828.) Goya was trained in Naples, Madrid and Italy. It was in Rome that Goya received his first significant commission for frescoes in the cathedral. It took Goya 10 years to finish all the frescoes; however, these first works of art from Goya are considered Rococo style. In 1771, Goya began a career as a court painter. These painting consisted mostly of contemporary life aristocratic and popular pastimes. In 1785, he was appointed deputy director of painting at the Academy and the following year painter to King Charles III.(7) During this time, Goyas painted portraits of figures in full-length, mostly of society women. The death of Charles III in 1788, a few months before the outbreak of the French Revolution, brought to an end the period of comparative prosperity and enlightenment in which Goya reached maturity.(7) An illness in 1792 left Goya permanently deaf. At this point, is when Goya begins to take on a n ew personality with freedom of expression and imagination is his art. His experiences allowed him to have a more critical point of view, which in turn, allowed more maturity in his art work. Goyas Still Life with Golden Bream (exhibited at the Houston Museum of Fine Arts) is one still life painting, out of only one dozen still lifes, that Goya painted, all being painted in the last decade of his life. This painting depicts a pile of bream fish. The incredible use of light makes it seems as though the fish are very much alive and staring directly at you. The detail captured in the blank expressions have the audience feeling that at any moment, the fish will stop playing dead and start whaling about on the table. The eyes of the fish are yellow, huge and wide opened and give this painting an unbelievable eeriness. Although the subject of this work is simple-a pile of dead fish-it expresses a moving pathos reminiscent of Goyas etching series Disasters of War, one of the artists great achievements. Both the print series and Still Life with Golden Bream were completed during the terrible war between Spain and France, and both serve as meditations on death and violence.(8) Joseph Turner was an English Romantic landscape painter born in 1775. There are several professional drawings on record from Turner starting at the age of only 12. At the age of 14, Turner enrolled in the Royal Academy and soon began to exhibit his watercolor paintings there. His early works of art were traditional in techniques and in character, painting mostly topographical places. Welsh landscape painter Richard Wilson helped broaden Turners outlook and revealed to him a more poetic and imaginative approach to landscape, which he would pursue to the end of his career with ever-increasing brilliance.(7) Turner began publishing a series of 100 plates known as the Liber Studiorum in 1807. The goal was for Turner to document a vast variety and range of landscapes. In 1808, Turner completed a seascape named Sheerness as Seen from the Nore. This painting depicts the smaller boats being thrown about in angry part of the ocean. The white peaks on wave give way to unsettling events that seem to take place more in the future than the present. The fearful emotions from the swirling clouds only add to the anticipation The composition is dominated by the light of the sun rising at the left, and by the vigor of the foreground swell; as so often in Turner, the distant ships are silhouetted against a strip of light at the horizon, the guard ship at the left forming an area of repose in otherwise turbulent design. (9) Turner ruled the art world with his range and sublimity of his expressive study of light, color, and atmosphere and is commonly referred to as the painter of light.

Gender Emergence in England’s History Essay -- European History

Gender Emergence in England’s History "Historicizing Patriarchy: The Emergence of Gender Difference in England, 1660-1760" by Michael McKeon is a powerful and original hypothesis as to "how and why the modern system of gender difference was established during the English Restoration and eighteenth century" (295). McKeon, a professor of English literature at Rutgers University is also the author of several essays, including "Politics and Poetry in Restoration England" and "Origins of the English Novel." McKeon uses the term 'patriarchalism' because it attaches itself to a "traditional regime" which will in later centuries be replaced by the "modern conception of gender" (296). This term is mainly identified with as traditional because it is not normally questioned nor objected to; people interpret it as the natural order of things. McKeon's patriarchal system is founded on the belief that there was a "hierarchical notion of authority" which existed not only in Britain's government, but in the family as well. The oldest male figure of the household was most often looked upon as the leader; he simultaneously played the roles of father, husband, and ruler of the house. His word was absolute law for the family. As with most issues, there are two sides. Parliamentarian Henry Parker and feminist Mary Astell disagreed on many issues, including whether the family and state were both founded on the concept of absolute power. However, they both agree on the "continued plausibility of the analogy between family and state" (297). So, although many critics do not feel comfortable with absolute power being the ruling force of family and state, they do agree that there is a direct correlation between them. Debates continued until arou... ...es embraced it sooner than others. The ideology and rationale are there, yet this change has many exceptions and abstractions which will not allow historians to fully confirm their thesis. There are many overlapping levels of experience, class, and gender that encompass a broad sexual, political, economic, cultural, and intellectual range. A good metaphor that McKeon uses throughout the essay to compare gender to a web from which other lifestyles stem. McKeon cleverly sums up his argument by stating that "it is therefore a determinant regime in that it establishes the outer limits of our experience, and it is under the aegis of difference that we formulate our efforts to go beyond it" (316). Works Cited McKeon, Michael. "Historicizing Patriarchy: The Emergence of Gender Difference in England, 1660-1760." Eighteenth-Century Studies vol. 28, no. 3, 1995: 295-322.